Cave dwelling nettle discovered in China

Dec. 28, 2012 ? South West China, Myanmar and Northern Vietnam contain one of the oldest exposed outcrops of limestone in the world. Within this area are thousands of caves and gorges. It is only recently that botanists have sought to explore the caves for plants. This exploration is yielding many new species new to science, that are known only from these habitats.

The current study was published in the open access journal PhytoKeys.

Kew botanist and nettle expert Alex Monro says, "When my Chinese colleague Wei Yi-Gang from the Guangxi Institute of Botany first mentioned cave-dwelling plants to me, I thought that he was mis-translating a Chinese word into English. When we stepped into our first cave, Yangzi cave, I was spell-bound. It had an eerie moonscape look to it and all I could see were clumps of plants in the nettle family growing in very dark condition."

The plants do not grow in complete darkness but do grow in extremely low light levels, deep within the entrance caverns of the caves (sometimes, in as little as 0.04% full sunlight). The British and Chinese authors have been collecting plants from the Nettle family in this limestone landscape for several years and have just published a paper describing three new species, one from a cave and another two from deep gorges.

The cave-dwelling nettle species in question, was found growing in two caves in the Guangxi province of China. Of the species discovered in gorges, one is known from an unusual and striking rock mineral formation called petaloid travertine. Petaloid travertine is a form of limestone deposited by mineral springs that over time forms large petals of rock, in this case clinging to the vertical walls of a gorge.

These plants are members of a genus of Nettles known as Pilea, that is believed to have over 700 species Worldwide, up to one third of which may remain undescribed.

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Pensoft Publishers, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.

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Journal Reference:

1. Alex Monro, Y.G. Wei, C.J. Chen. Three new species of Pilea (Urticaceae) from?limestone?karst in China. PhytoKeys, 2012; 19 (0): 51 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.19.3968

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/~3/0NpLQoSf1pw/121228133732.htm

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mutrasubi: humbler shetland: roomaroger: Biology Syllabus ? So ...

If you?re encountered with biology syllabus assessment in that case he/she really needs to fully grasp the exact objectives to make sure that he/she are able to comprehend the objective. There are 3 well-known objectives concerning learning the field of biology which generally are to have practical knowledge with understanding, ability to actually deal with important information and resolve issues in conjunction with learning experimental skillsets as well as inspections.

The actual Biology Syllabus entails of scientific phenomena specifics hence these particular 3 important objectives are crucial for the main assessment procedure. A few other reasons for assessment are to be capable of making predictions, address issues, manipulate data and locate ideal sources to get knowledge acquisition.

19 December 2012 | Reference and Education

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The Hottest Climate Change Stories of 2012

Global warming was hot news this year, literally.

Perhaps the most unavoidable climate story of 2012 was the warmth that gripped much of the United States, and to a lesser degree, the planet, throughout the entire year. Heat waves brought "spring in March" to parts of the country, and broke all-time high-temperature records in a number of places. This, inevitably, led to a discussion of global warming and the degree to which it contributes to some types of extreme weather, in this case heat waves.

In fact, prominent climate scientist James Hansen, of NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies, and colleagues published research saying recent heat waves "were a consequence of global warming, because their likelihood in the absence of global warming was exceedingly small." Some other climate scientists, however, disagreed about the degree to which heat waves can be attributed to climate change.

Meanwhile, many of the top climate stories this year have become something like annual rites recently, as people around the world grapple with human-caused climate change, and attempt to address it and its effects. [7 Hottest Climate Change Stories of 2012]

Natural disasters, such as Hurricane Sandy (actually a hybrid storm) this year like others last year, have sparked discussion of the connection between climate change and increased risk for some extreme weather events. A majority of Americans also seem to be making the connection between extreme weather and climate change, according to surveys by the?Yale Project on Climate Change Communication?and the George Mason University Center for Climate Change Communication.

In reality, attributing any single weather event to global warming is tricky, though some scientists said the planet's increasing temperatures may have worsened Sandy. "The climate influences on this are what we might call the 'new normal,' the changed environment this storm is operating in," Kevin Trenberth, who heads the climate analysis section of the National Center for Atmospheric Research, told LiveScience at the end of October. For instance, the warmer ocean surfaces ? which fuel hurricanes ? may increase the risk that a storm will become more intense, Trenberth said. In addition, rising sea levels worsen the risk of flooding, the cause of much of the devastation Sandy wrought.

Likewise, global climate talks moved forward slowly, as they have in the last few years, against warnings that nations must curb the planet's rising greenhouse gas emissions or face dramatic consequences.

This year also brought some milestones. Arctic sea-ice cover retreated to a record low in September. As with unusually warming temperatures, the record sea-ice retreat did not come out of the blue. In recent years, the sea-ice cover has fallen below the average extent for 1979 to 2000, and, likewise, the first decade of this century was the warmest decade ever recorded in all continents of the globe, according to the World Meteorological Organization.

Scientists who study sea ice have blamed a combination of natural fluctuations and human-caused warming for the increased loss of ice, although some differ as to how much humans have contributed, Claire Parkinson, a senior scientist who studies climate at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, said in September.

Early in the year, the United States, once the biggest contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, saw its carbon-dioxide emissions from energy use drop to the lowest level since 1992, a decline the Department of Energy attributed to a mild winter, a shift from coal to natural gas and a slow economy. In 2011, the United States contributed 16 percent to the world's emissions from fossil fuel use, behind the 28 percent contribution from the top emitter, now China, according to a report by the Global Carbon Project.?

Follow LiveScienceon Twitter @livescience. We're also on Facebook?& Google+.

Copyright 2012 LiveScience, a TechMediaNetwork company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/hottest-climate-change-stories-2012-160710893.html

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Florida governor asks Obama to block possible ports strike

MIAMI (Reuters) - Florida's Republican governor wants President Barack Obama to invoke federal law and order a cooling-off period if nearly 15,000 longshoremen walk off the job in a looming strike that would be a big blow to the state's economy, according to a letter he sent the president this week.

The International Longshoremen's Association union and the U.S. Maritime Alliance grouping of shippers and ports have been bargaining since March but reportedly remain far from a deal covering cargo handling at 15 ports on the U.S. Gulf and eastern coasts.

In October, when a previous contract expired, the sides agreed to a 90-day extension of terms that runs out on December 29.

Florida ports in Miami and Fort Lauderdale would be directly hit by a strike or lockout but a stoppage would also rattle overall transport and trade, which accounts for 550,000 jobs in the state and $66 billion in economic activity, Florida Governor Rick Scott said in a letter dated Thursday.

"The threat to national safety and security that would result from mass closure of ports cannot be overstated," Scott told Obama.

Scott said Obama had the power under 1947's Taft-Hartley Act to prevent or interrupt a work stoppage at the ports. Presidents Richard Nixon and George W. Bush both used Taft-Hartley, which calls for 80-day cooling-off periods and mediation, Scott said.

"The Taft-Hartley Act provides your administration with tools that can help avoid this threat," Scott said. "On behalf of the State of Florida, I respectfully request that you invoke the act when the contract ... expires at the end of the month."

(Reporting By Michael Connor in Miami; Editing by Cynthia Johnston)

(c) Copyright Thomson Reuters 2012. Check for restrictions at: http://about.reuters.com/fulllegal.asp

Source: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/50280271/ns/politics/

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The Ban on Studying Gun Violence (talking-points-memo)

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BMW's Car Hotspot LTE means Bavarian Motor WiFi

The dedicated car phone may be a thing of the past, but the in-car hotspot is becoming increasingly common. BMW isn't shy when it comes to in-vehicle tech, so the fact that it's launching its own solution should come as no surprise. We initially heard about the ConnectedDrive LTE integration back in summer, but now it looks like it's almost here. The BMW Car Hotspot LTE is essentially a purpose-built WiFi router that houses an LTE SIM (it also supports 3G and EDGE). It's compatible with any BMW with a telephone docking station and allows connections from up to eight client devices. Authentication can be done via code entry or NFC (or there's WPS too). Rather than just rebranding an LTE dongle, the system is designed to integrate with the vehicle's aerial for better signal, while the dock keeps it charged. As you might surmise, this does indeed mean there is an internal battery, making it useful beyond the confines of the automobile too (for about an hour according to the car maker). No official word on price or release, but it's suggested it'll be landing in Europe as soon as this week.

Filed under: Cellphones, Peripherals, Transportation, Mobile

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The 10 Leading Sports Gear Stores In The Usa - watchstraps blog

Academy Sports & Outdoors, The Sports Authority, Inc. and Dick Sporting Goods are amongst the leading Sports Equipment Stores in the USA.

The 10 top activities gear stores in america are discussed here.

Academia Sports & Outdoors

That specialty firm is well known to be among Americas largest and hottest sporting goods suppliers. With higher than a hundred stores handled all over the southeastern area of the nation, Academy Sports + Outdoors shops supply the activities addicts with a collection of gears, clothing, in addition to components at fairly affordable prices.

The Sports Authority, Inc.

This string offers sets from course sports footwear, apparels and sports extras, at competitive prices. The business also provides an all-encompassing range of sports paraphernalia from marine sports equipment, hiking and camping gears, soccer items, cycling material to basketball games system. In 1987, Sports Authority, Inc. opened its first store in Florida. Now, the business works more than 400 retailers spread in the united kingdom.

Dick?s Sporting Goods

Is IWC replica watches among the most advanced sporting products string in america that gift ideas a sizeable choice of quality sports gear, sports apparel, and sports extras. The company sprang from the simple wish of a new person Dick Stack to sell fishing gears in the late 1940s. Today, Dick Sporting Goods has more than three hundred merchants spread throughout forty states across the United States.

Activity Chalet

Sport Chalet began fifty years ago Mont Blanc Star Gold Jewelleryreplica watches as a shop attempting to sell only scuba and ski equipment. Currently, it has rocketed to be among USAs top activities seller that provides high-end sporting product such as for instance conditioning, bowling, fishing, hockey, airsoft, tennis, snowboarding gadgets, and a lot more. Game Chalet also gives solutions such as for instance fixes, sports expert advice and leases. Stores are observed throughout Arizona, Nevada, and Southern California.

Modell?s Sporting Goods

The organization is among the primary supplier of an extensive line of sporting equipments such as paintball, soccer, skateboarding, working equipments plus therefore a lot more. In addition it provides athletic footwear, and costumes. Brand names for football tops just Like The Champion and Schutt DNA football boots are sold in Modells retailers. Modell?s Sporting Goods is the earliest family possessed niche company of sporting product in the United States. A hundred shops are run almost by the company all over New York, Maryland, New Jersey, Delaware, and Virginia.

Hibbett Sporting Goods, Inc.

It is founded in 1945 and is currently based in Birmingham, Alabama. The organization equips sports lovers using its vast multiplicity of affordable attire and gear for sports such as hockey, boxing, basketball, and strength training. It also offers renowned brands of sporting goods like Dickies, Nautilus, NBA, Nike, Oakley, and Ecko. Close to 500 Hibbert Sporting Goods, Inc. Outlets are located in significantly more than twenty American claims.

Recreational Equipment, Inc. (REI)

REI is as a way to obtain an easy line of camp and outdoor sports things and clothing one of many United Sates biggest consumer cooperatives that acts. REI has 77 stores and a comprehensive site, as well. car shelves, pet things, tents, backpacks, sleeping bags and watches are a number of the products that REI offers in its different shops nationwide.

Soccer America

Maryland-based Football America has been providing the United States with the handpicked baseball equipment and supplies for nearly three years now. It provides a complete selection of hard-wearing, powerful baseball outfits, lids, cleats, neck shields, and even more.

ATS Sports

ATS Sports is USAs and the globes largest reference of tennis linked fights such as stringing devices, grips, court gear racquet strings, umpire seats, benches, as well as tennis components. The business is headquartered at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Sports & Recreation, Inc.

Could be the eleventh greatest sporting goods team in the usa and is based in Tampa, Florida. It?s a provider of well-liked business name sports gear along with footwear. As Recreation & Sports, Inc expanded its stores and places, in addition, it developed numerous different labels for its stores. The shops were decorated with banners that were directed to Fake Planet Ocean Watch build up the home personality of the business. Local area brands the place where a Sports & Recreation, Inc store is found were taken on while the title of the shop, itself. Thus, the merchants run under labels like Tampa Sports and Jacksonville Sports Unlimited.

Source: http://blogs.rediff.com/watchstraps/2012/12/23/the-10-leading-sports-gear-stores-in-the-usa/

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